/* CSS Custom Properties for Color Palette */
:root {
  /* Light Theme Colors - Based on provided palette */
  --color-primary: #059AA0; /* Dark cyan */
  --color-primary-variant: #7FC3B7; /* Tiffany Blue */
  --color-secondary: #FFCAD4; /* Pink */
  --color-secondary-variant: #8EA2A0; /* Cadet gray */
  --color-surface: #FFFFFF; /* White */
  --color-surface-variant: #D8E2DC; /* Platinum */
  --color-background: #FEFEFE;
  --color-on-primary: #FFFFFF;
  --color-on-secondary: #9D8189; /* Mountbatten pink */
  --color-on-surface: #1C1B1F;
  --color-on-background: #1C1B1F;
  --color-outline: #79747E;
  --color-outline-variant: #CAC4D0;
  
  /* Semantic Colors */
  --color-success: #4CAF50;
  --color-warning: #FF9800;
  --color-error: #F44336;
  
  /* Shadows */
  --shadow-1: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,0.24);
  --shadow-2: 0 3px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.16), 0 3px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.23);
  --shadow-3: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.23);
  
  /* Typography */
  --font-family-primary: 'Roboto', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', sans-serif;
  --font-family-mono: 'Roboto Mono', 'Consolas', 'Monaco', monospace;
  
  /* Spacing */
  --spacing-xs: 4px;
  --spacing-sm: 8px;
  --spacing-md: 16px;
  --spacing-lg: 24px;
  --spacing-xl: 32px;
  --spacing-2xl: 48px;
  --spacing-3xl: 64px;
  
  /* Border Radius */
  --radius-sm: 4px;
  --radius-md: 8px;
  --radius-lg: 12px;
  --radius-xl: 16px;
  --radius-full: 9999px;
  
  /* Transitions */
  --transition-fast: 150ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --transition-normal: 250ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --transition-slow: 350ms cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
}

/* Dark Theme */
[data-theme="dark"] {
  --color-primary: #7FC3B7; /* Tiffany Blue for dark mode */
  --color-primary-variant: #059AA0; /* Dark cyan */
  --color-secondary: #FFCAD4; /* Pink stays same */
  --color-secondary-variant: #8EA2A0; /* Cadet gray */
  --color-surface: #1C1B1F;
  --color-surface-variant: #2D2D30;
  --color-background: #121212;
  --color-on-primary: #000000;
  --color-on-secondary: #FFFFFF;
  --color-on-surface: #E6E1E5;
  --color-on-background: #E6E1E5;
  --color-outline: #938F99;
  --color-outline-variant: #49454F;
}

/* Dark Theme */
[data-theme="dark"] {
  --color-primary: #4DB6AC; /* Teal 300 */
  --color-primary-variant: #26A69A; /* Teal 400 */
  --color-secondary: #81C784; /* Light Green 300 */
  --color-secondary-variant: #66BB6A; /* Light Green 400 */
  --color-background: #121212;
  --color-surface: #1E1E1E;
  --color-surface-variant: #2D2D30;
  --color-on-primary: #000000;
  --color-on-secondary: #000000;
  --color-on-background: #FFFFFF;
  --color-on-surface: #FFFFFF;
  --color-on-surface-variant: #E0E0E0;
  --color-outline: #757575;
  --color-outline-variant: #424242;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .research-section::before {
  background-color: rgba(45, 45, 48, 0.85); /* Semi-transparent overlay matching dark --color-surface-variant */
}

/* Auto Dark Theme */
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --color-primary: #4DB6AC; /* Teal 300 */
    --color-primary-variant: #26A69A; /* Teal 400 */
    --color-secondary: #81C784; /* Light Green 300 */
    --color-secondary-variant: #66BB6A; /* Light Green 400 */
    --color-background: #121212;
    --color-surface: #1E1E1E;
    --color-surface-variant: #2D2D30;
    --color-on-primary: #000000;
    --color-on-secondary: #000000;
    --color-on-background: #FFFFFF;
    --color-on-surface: #FFFFFF;
    --color-on-surface-variant: #E0E0E0;
    --color-outline: #757575;
    --color-outline-variant: #424242;
  }
  
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) .research-section::before {
    background-color: rgba(45, 45, 48, 0.85); /* Semi-transparent overlay matching dark --color-surface-variant */
  }
}

/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  font-size: 16px;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-family-primary);
  background-color: var(--color-background);
  color: var(--color-on-background);
  line-height: 1.6;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* Navigation */
.navbar {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  backdrop-filter: blur(10px);
  z-index: 1000;
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
}

.nav-container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.nav-brand {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 2px;
}

.brand-text {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
}

.brand-subtitle {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.nav-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  border: none;
  background: none;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  font-family: inherit;
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.nav-link:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary-variant);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.nav-link.active {
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.nav-link .material-icons-outlined {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
}

.nav-actions {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.theme-toggle,
.mobile-menu-toggle {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  border: none;
  background: none;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.theme-toggle:hover,
.mobile-menu-toggle:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
}

.mobile-menu-toggle {
  display: none;
}

/* Main Content */
.main-content {
  margin-top: 80px;
  min-height: calc(100vh - 80px);
}

.section {
  display: none;
  min-height: calc(100vh - 80px);
}

.section.active {
  display: block;
}

.container {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 var(--spacing-lg);
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero-section {
  padding: 80px 0 var(--spacing-lg) 0;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-surface) 0%, var(--color-surface-variant) 100%);
  position: relative;
}

/* Custom hyperlink styling for about section */
.hero-main p a {
  color: #0d7377;
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 600;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.hero-main p a:hover {
  color: #14a085;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

.hero-main p a:visited {
  color: #0a5d61;
}

/* Dark mode hyperlink styling */
[data-theme="dark"] .hero-main p a {
  color: #14a085;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .hero-main p a:hover {
  color: #1bc49d;
  text-decoration: underline;
}

[data-theme="dark"] .hero-main p a:visited {
  color: #117a6b;
}

.hero-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 350px 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-4xl);
  align-items: start;
  width: 100%;
  padding-right: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

.hero-profile {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.profile-image {
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  border: 4px solid var(--color-primary);
}

.profile-photo {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.profile-info {
  text-align: center;
  margin: var(--spacing-lg) 0;
}

.profile-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-xs) 0;
}

.profile-education {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-lg) 0;
  font-style: italic;
}

.profile-contact {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  align-items: center;
}

.contact-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  font-size: 0.9625rem;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
  background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
  min-width: 215px;
  justify-content: center;
}

.contact-item:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.contact-item .material-icons-outlined {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
}

.research-areas-compact {
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.research-areas-compact h3 {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.hero-main {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.hero-text {
  max-width: none;
  margin-left: var(--spacing-md);
}

.hero-title {
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 5vw, 3.5rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.1;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
}

.greeting {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.6em;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.name {
  display: block;
  background: linear-gradient(350deg, #025b5f 20%, #a2d7cd 100%);
  -webkit-background-clip: text;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
  background-clip: text;
}

.hero-text p {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.hero-text p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.hero-subtitle {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.hero-description {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  line-height: 1.7;
}

.hero-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.social-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-weight: 500;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
}

.social-link:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Profile Card */
.profile-card {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-xl);
  padding: var(--spacing-xl);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  min-width: 280px;
}

.profile-avatar {
  width: 120px;
  height: 120px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, var(--color-primary) 0%, var(--color-primary-variant) 100%);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 0 auto var(--spacing-lg);
}

.profile-avatar .material-icons-outlined {
  font-size: 3rem;
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
}

.profile-stats {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-around;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.stat {
  text-align: center;
}

.stat-number {
  display: block;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  line-height: 1;
}

.stat-label {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xs);
}

/* About Section */
.about-section {
  padding: var(--spacing-3xl) 0;
}

.section-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 300;
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  color: var(--color-on-background);
}

.about-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-3xl);
  align-items: start;
}

.about-text p {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--color-on-background);
}

.research-areas {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  padding: var(--spacing-xl);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
}

.research-areas h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
}

.research-tags {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.research-tag {
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  background-color: var(--color-primary-variant);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Selected Publications Section */
.selected-publications-section {
  padding: var(--spacing-5xl) 0 var(--spacing-4xl) 0;
  background-color: var(--color-background);
}

.authorship-note {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  font-style: italic;
  text-align: center;
  margin: var(--spacing-sm) 0 var(--spacing-lg) 0;
  opacity: 0.8;
}

.selected-publications-content {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.selected-publications-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.selected-publication-item {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.selected-publication-item:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.selected-publication-thumbnail {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.selected-publication-thumbnail img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

.selected-publication-thumbnail .material-icons-outlined {
  font-size: 2rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
}

.selected-publication-content {
  flex: 1;
}

/* Selected publication banner styling */
.selected-publication-banner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.4rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.selected-publication-banner-item {
  background: var(--color-primary);
  color: white;
  padding: 0.2rem 0.4rem;
  border-radius: 10px;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
}

.selected-publication-title {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.selected-publication-authors {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.selected-publication-authors .author-highlight {
  color: #0d7377;  /* Darker teal for better prominence */
  font-weight: 700;  /* Bolder font weight */
}

.selected-publication-venue {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  font-style: italic;
}

.selected-publication-venue p {
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-xs) 0;
}

.selected-publication-venue p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.selected-publication-hero-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.about-text-hero {
  margin-top: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.about-text-hero h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.about-text-hero p {
  font-size: 1rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
}

.about-text-hero p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Research Section */
.research-section {
  padding: var(--spacing-5xl) 0 var(--spacing-4xl) 0;
  background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
  background-image: url('images/background.png');
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-attachment: fixed;
  position: relative;
}

.research-section::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  background-color: rgba(216, 226, 220, 0.62); /* Semi-transparent overlay matching --color-surface-variant - 40% more transparent */
  pointer-events: none;
}

.research-section .container {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  padding-top: 100px;
}

.research-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(280px, 308px) 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-4xl);
  align-items: start;
}

.research-interests h2,
.research-experience h2 {
  font-size: 1.75rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

/* Research Interests */
.research-interests {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 0 var(--spacing-sm);
}

.research-interests h2 {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.interest-items {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  width: 100%;
}

.interest-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0d7477ce 10%, #57b8a5b7 70%);
  border-radius: 50px;
  border: none;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-3);
  opacity: 0.9;
}

.interest-icon {
  font-size: 24px;
  color: white;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.interest-text {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: white;
  font-size: 16px;
}



/* Awards and Education Section */
.awards-section {
  padding: var(--spacing-2xl) 0;
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  background-image: url('images/background.png');
  background-size: cover;
  background-position: center;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  background-attachment: fixed;
  position: relative;
}

.awards-section::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  background-color: rgba(216, 226, 220, 0.62); /* Semi-transparent overlay matching research section */
  pointer-events: none;
}

.awards-content {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 400px 1fr;
  gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
  align-items: start;
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
}

/* Education Column */
.education-column {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: 10px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  overflow: hidden;
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.education-column:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-3);
}

.education-header {
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #0d7477ce 10%, #57b8a5b7 70%);
  padding: var(--spacing-lg) var(--spacing-2xl);
}

.education-header h2 {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: white;
  text-align: center;
  margin: 0;
}

.education-body {
  padding: var(--spacing-2xl);
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
}

.education-items {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
}

.education-item {
  padding-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
}

.education-item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

.education-item h3 {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.education-item .institution {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.education-item .duration {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.education-item .specialization {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  font-style: italic;
  margin: 0;
}

/* Awards Column */
.awards-column h2 {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.awards-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.award-item {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
  border-radius: 0 var(--border-radius-lg) var(--border-radius-lg) 0;
  border-left: 4px solid var(--color-primary);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.award-item:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-3);
}

.award-main {
  flex: 1;
  margin-right: var(--spacing-md);
  line-height: 1;
}

.award-title {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.award-institution {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.award-description {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin: 0;
}

.award-year {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  background-color: var(--color-primary-container);
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
  white-space: nowrap;
  min-width: fit-content;
}

/* Research Experience Timeline */
.timeline {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 50px;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.timeline::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 48px;
  top: 36px;
  bottom: calc(-1 * var(--spacing-xl));
  width: 2px;
  background-color: var(--color-outline-variant);
}

.timeline-item {
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  padding-left: var(--spacing-2xl);
}

.timeline-item:last-child {
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.timeline-marker {
  position: absolute;
  left: -36px;
  top: 0;
  width: 72px;
  height: 72px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border: 3px solid var(--color-primary);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding: 2px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
}

.company-logos {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 0px;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
}

.company-logo {
  object-fit: cover;
  flex-shrink: 2;
}

.company-logo.single {
  width: 46px;
  height: 46px;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 0%;
}

.company-logo.multiple {
  width: 30px;
  height: 30px;
  object-fit: contain;
  border-radius: 0%;
  margin: -1px;
}

.timeline-content {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  padding: var(--spacing-lg);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  line-height: 1.2;
}

.timeline-header {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: flex-start;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.timeline-main {
  flex: 1;
}

.timeline-content h3 {
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
}

.timeline-content .position {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  margin: 0;
}

.timeline-duration {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--color-primary);
  background-color: var(--color-primary-container);
  padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  border-radius: var(--border-radius-md);
  white-space: nowrap;
  min-width: fit-content;
  margin-left: var(--spacing-md);
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.timeline-content .description {
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.2;
  color: var(--color-on-surface-variant);
  margin: 0;
}

.timeline-content .description a {
  color: var(--color-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.timeline-content .description a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Research Experience Thumbnails */
.research-thumbnails {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.research-thumbnail-wrapper {
  display: inline-block;
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
}

.research-thumbnail-wrapper:hover {
  transform: translateY(-2px);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
}

.research-thumbnail {
  width: 120px;
  height: 80px;
  object-fit: contain;
  display: block;
}

.selected-publication-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-sm);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.selected-publication-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
  background-color: var(--color-primary-variant);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.selected-publication-link:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.view-all-publications {
  text-align: center;
}

.view-all-btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-xl);
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  border: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
}

.view-all-btn:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary-variant);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Publications Section */
.publications-content {
  padding: var(--spacing-3xl) 0;
}

.publications-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: var(--spacing-xl);
}

.publication-item {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  padding: var(--spacing-xl);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-lg);
}

.publication-item:hover {
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

/* Publication banner styling */
.publication-banner {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.publication-banner-item {
  background: var(--color-primary);
  color: white;
  padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.5px;
}

.publication-thumbnail {
  width: 150px;
  height: 150px;
  background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.publication-thumbnail img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

.publication-thumbnail .material-icons-outlined {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
}

.publication-content {
  flex: 1;
}

.publication-title {
  font-size: 1.125rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  color: var(--color-on-surface);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.publication-authors {
  font-size: 1rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.publication-authors .author-highlight {
  color: #0d7377;  /* Darker teal for better prominence */
  font-weight: 700;  /* Bolder font weight */
}

.publication-venue {
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  color: var(--color-outline);
  font-style: italic;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-sm);
}

.publication-venue p {
  margin: 0 0 var(--spacing-xs) 0;
}

.publication-venue p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.publication-links {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  margin-top: var(--spacing-md);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.publication-link {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-xs);
  padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-md);
  background-color: var(--color-primary-variant);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-size: 0.875rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all var(--transition-fast);
}

.publication-link:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}

.loading-state {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: var(--spacing-3xl);
  color: var(--color-outline);
}

.loading-state .material-icons-outlined {
  font-size: 3rem;
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-md);
  animation: spin 2s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes spin {
  from { transform: rotate(0deg); }
  to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

/* CV Section */
.cv-content {
  padding: var(--spacing-3xl) 0;
}

.cv-actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--spacing-md);
  margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  justify-content: center;
}

.cv-action {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-lg);
  background-color: var(--color-primary);
  color: var(--color-on-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  border-radius: var(--radius-full);
  font-weight: 500;
  transition: all var(--transition-normal);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-1);
}

.cv-action:hover {
  background-color: var(--color-primary-variant);
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  transform: translateY(-2px);
}

.cv-viewer {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-radius: var(--radius-lg);
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
}

.cv-viewer iframe {
  border: none;
  display: block;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
  background-color: var(--color-surface);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
  padding: var(--spacing-xl) 0;
  text-align: center;
  color: var(--color-outline);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .mobile-menu-toggle {
    display: flex;
  }
  
  /* Mobile navigation dropdown */
  .nav-links {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    background-color: var(--color-surface);
    border-top: 1px solid var(--color-outline-variant);
    box-shadow: var(--shadow-2);
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 0;
    padding: var(--spacing-md) 0;
    transform: translateY(-100%);
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transition: all var(--transition-normal);
    z-index: 1000;
  }
  
  .nav-links.mobile-open {
    transform: translateY(0);
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
  }
  
  .nav-link {
    width: 100%;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    padding: var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-xl);
    border-radius: 0;
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
  
  .nav-link:hover {
    background-color: var(--color-surface-variant);
  }
  
  .nav-link.active {
    background-color: var(--color-primary-container);
    color: var(--color-primary);
  }
  
  .hero-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
  }
  
  .hero-profile {
    order: -1;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xl);
  }
  
  .profile-image {
    width: 150px;
    height: 150px;
  }
  
  .research-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-2xl);
  }
  
  .research-interests {
    order: 1;
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-xl) var(--spacing-sm);
  }
  
  .research-interests h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  }
  
  .research-experience {
    order: 2;
  }
  
  .research-experience h2 {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  }
  
  /* Mobile timeline adjustments */
  .timeline {
    padding-left: 30px;
  }
  
  .timeline::before {
    left: 28px;
    top: 26px;
  }
  
  .timeline-marker {
    left: -26px;
    width: 52px;
    height: 52px;
  }
  
  .company-logo.single {
    width: 32px;
    height: 32px;
  }
  
  .company-logo.multiple {
    width: 22px;
    height: 22px;
  }
  
  .timeline-item {
    padding-left: var(--spacing-lg);
  }
  
  .timeline-header {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  }
  
  .timeline-duration {
    margin-left: 0;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
  }
  
  .timeline-content {
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .timeline-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-xs);
  }
  
  .timeline-content .position {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }
  
  .timeline-content .description {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    line-height: 1.4;
  }
}

/* Extra Small Mobile Styles */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
  .research-content {
    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
  }
  
  .research-interests {
    padding: 0;
  }
  
  .research-interests h2,
  .research-experience h2 {
    font-size: 1.3rem;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .interest-item {
    padding: var(--spacing-xs) var(--spacing-sm);
    font-size: 0.85rem;
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .interest-icon {
    font-size: 18px;
  }
  
  .timeline {
    padding-left: 25px;
  }
  
  .timeline::before {
    left: 23px;
  }
  
  .timeline-marker {
    left: -21px;
    width: 44px;
    height: 44px;
  }
  
  .company-logo.single {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
  }
  
  .company-logo.multiple {
    width: 18px;
    height: 18px;
  }
  
  .timeline-item {
    padding-left: var(--spacing-md);
    margin-bottom: var(--spacing-lg);
  }
  
  .timeline-content {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .timeline-content h3 {
    font-size: 1rem;
  }
  
  .timeline-duration {
    font-size: 0.8rem;
    padding: 4px 8px 4px 0;  /* Remove left padding for mobile alignment */
    margin-left: 0;  /* Remove left margin for mobile alignment */
  }
  
  /* Further reduce publication thumbnails on very small screens */
  .publication-thumbnail {
    width: 60px;  /* 60% reduction from 150px */
    height: 60px;
  }
  
  .publication-thumbnail .material-icons-outlined {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .selected-publication-thumbnail {
    width: 60px;  /* 60% reduction from 150px */
    height: 60px;
  }
  
  .selected-publication-thumbnail .material-icons-outlined {
    font-size: 1.5rem;
  }
  
  .interest-items {
    max-width: 100%;
    gap: var(--spacing-sm);
  }
  
  .interest-item {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    font-size: 0.9rem;
  }
  
  .interest-icon {
    font-size: 20px;
  }
  
  .about-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-xl);
  }
  
  .awards-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--spacing-3xl);
  }
  
  .education-column {
    order: 1;
  }
  
  .awards-column {
    order: 2;
  }
  
  .award-item {
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .award-main {
    margin-right: 0;
  }
  
  .award-year {
    align-self: flex-start;
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md) var(--spacing-sm) 0;  /* Remove left padding for mobile alignment */
  }
  
  .hero-links {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .cv-actions {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: center;
  }
  
  .publication-header {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .publication-thumbnail {
    align-self: center;
    width: 100px;  /* 33% reduction from 150px */
    height: 100px;
  }
  
  .publication-thumbnail .material-icons-outlined {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }
  
  /* Stack publication items vertically on mobile */
  .publication-item {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
    gap: var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .publication-thumbnail {
    align-self: center;
  }
  
  /* Center align publication banners and links on mobile */
  .publication-banner {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .publication-links {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  /* Center align selected publication banners and links on mobile */
  .selected-publication-banner {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .selected-publication-links {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  
  .selected-publication-item {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }
  
  .selected-publication-thumbnail {
    align-self: center;
    width: 100px;  /* 33% reduction from 150px */
    height: 100px;
  }
  
  .selected-publication-thumbnail .material-icons-outlined {
    font-size: 2rem;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .nav-container {
    padding: var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .container {
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .hero-content {
    padding: 0 var(--spacing-md);
  }
  
  .hero-links {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
  
  .social-link {
    justify-content: center;
  }
}

/* Accessibility */
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  * {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    animation-iteration-count: 1 !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
  
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }
}

/* Focus styles for keyboard navigation */
.nav-link:focus-visible,
.theme-toggle:focus-visible,
.mobile-menu-toggle:focus-visible,
.social-link:focus-visible,
.cv-action:focus-visible,
.publication-link:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--color-primary);
  outline-offset: 2px;
}

/* High contrast mode support */
@media (prefers-contrast: high) {
  :root {
    --shadow-1: 0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,0.3);
    --shadow-2: 0 3px 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.4);
    --shadow-3: 0 10px 20px rgba(0,0,0,0.5);
  }
}